A scoping review on the hidden curriculum in education: Mapping definitory elements for educational theory building

This article provides a systematic overview of constituting elements of the hidden curriculum in education: norms reproduced in the social context, group roles and behaviors, media for norm transmission; their effects on individuals and society, and various coping strategies. A scoping review was conducted, analyzing 23 articles based on defined categories. The literature reveals different reproduced norms (e.g., conformity, temporal rhythmizing), roles with specific attributes (e.g., teacher power, student recognition), and media for norm transmission (e.g., teaching materials, routines and rituals). Effects of the hidden curriculum occur on individual and societal levels, with various coping strategies identified.