Visual representations of meta-analyses of multiple outcomes: Extensions to forest plots, funnel plots, and caterpillar plots
Author(s) / Creator(s)
Fernández-Castilla, Belén
Declercq, Lies
Jamshidi, Laleh
Beretvas, Susan Natasha
Onghena, Patrick
Van den Noortgate, Wim
Abstract / Description
Meta-analytic datasets can be large, especially when in primary studies multiple effect sizes are reported. The visualization of meta-analytic data is therefore useful to summarize data and understand information reported in primary studies. The gold standard figures in meta-analysis are forest and funnel plots. However, none of these plots can yet account for the existence of multiple effect sizes within primary studies. This manuscript describes extensions to the funnel plot, forest plot and caterpillar plot to adapt them to three-level meta-analyses. For forest plots, we propose to plot the study-specific effects and their precision, and to add additional confidence intervals that reflect the sampling variance of individual effect sizes. For caterpillar plots and funnel plots, we recommend to plot individual effect sizes and averaged study-effect sizes in two separate graphs. For the funnel plot, plotting separate graphs might improve the detection of both publication bias and/or selective outcome reporting bias.
Keyword(s)
meta-analysis graphical display forest plot funnel plot (3-level) multilevelPersistent Identifier
Date of first publication
2020-12-22
Journal title
Methodology
Volume
16
Issue
4
Page numbers
299–315
Publisher
PsychOpen GOLD
Publication status
publishedVersion
Review status
peerReviewed
Is version of
Citation
Fernández-Castilla, B., Declercq, L., Jamshidi, L., Beretvas, S. N., Onghena, P., & Van den Noortgate, W. (2020). Visual representations of meta-analyses of multiple outcomes: Extensions to forest plots, funnel plots, and caterpillar plots. Methodology, 16(4), 299-315. https://doi.org/10.5964/meth.4013
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meth.v16i4.4013.pdfAdobe PDF - 1.48MBMD5: efb572742a52712496356e0c90c6e1e3
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There are no other versions of this object.
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Author(s) / Creator(s)Fernández-Castilla, Belén
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Author(s) / Creator(s)Declercq, Lies
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Author(s) / Creator(s)Jamshidi, Laleh
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Author(s) / Creator(s)Beretvas, Susan Natasha
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Author(s) / Creator(s)Onghena, Patrick
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Author(s) / Creator(s)Van den Noortgate, Wim
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PsychArchives acquisition timestamp2022-04-14T11:24:45Z
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Made available on2022-04-14T11:24:45Z
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Date of first publication2020-12-22
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Abstract / DescriptionMeta-analytic datasets can be large, especially when in primary studies multiple effect sizes are reported. The visualization of meta-analytic data is therefore useful to summarize data and understand information reported in primary studies. The gold standard figures in meta-analysis are forest and funnel plots. However, none of these plots can yet account for the existence of multiple effect sizes within primary studies. This manuscript describes extensions to the funnel plot, forest plot and caterpillar plot to adapt them to three-level meta-analyses. For forest plots, we propose to plot the study-specific effects and their precision, and to add additional confidence intervals that reflect the sampling variance of individual effect sizes. For caterpillar plots and funnel plots, we recommend to plot individual effect sizes and averaged study-effect sizes in two separate graphs. For the funnel plot, plotting separate graphs might improve the detection of both publication bias and/or selective outcome reporting bias.en_US
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Publication statuspublishedVersion
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Review statuspeerReviewed
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CitationFernández-Castilla, B., Declercq, L., Jamshidi, L., Beretvas, S. N., Onghena, P., & Van den Noortgate, W. (2020). Visual representations of meta-analyses of multiple outcomes: Extensions to forest plots, funnel plots, and caterpillar plots. Methodology, 16(4), 299-315. https://doi.org/10.5964/meth.4013en_US
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ISSN1614-2241
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Persistent Identifierhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12034/5697
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Persistent Identifierhttps://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.6301
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Language of contenteng
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PublisherPsychOpen GOLD
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Is version ofhttps://doi.org/10.5964/meth.4013
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Is related tohttps://doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.4420
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Keyword(s)meta-analysisen_US
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Keyword(s)graphical displayen_US
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Keyword(s)forest ploten_US
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Keyword(s)funnel ploten_US
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Keyword(s)(3-level) multilevelen_US
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Dewey Decimal Classification number(s)150
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TitleVisual representations of meta-analyses of multiple outcomes: Extensions to forest plots, funnel plots, and caterpillar plotsen_US
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DRO typearticle
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Issue4
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Journal titleMethodology
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Page numbers299–315
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Volume16
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Visible tag(s)Version of Recorden_US